三大子句

作者：陳雲飛&許文達&夏進

三大子句

一、名詞子句

引導名詞子句的連接詞

1.從屬連接詞：that, whether, if（是否）

2.疑問代名詞：what, which , who∕whom∕whose

3.疑問副詞：when, where, why, how

4.複合關係代名詞：what, whoever, whomever, whosever

名詞子句的字序

試比較下列各句：

含有疑問詞的疑問句

名詞子句

Where does he live？

What did she say？

[I don’t know where he lives.

[Do you know what she said？

Who is she？

What time is it？

[I wonder who she is.

[Tell me what time it is.

Where is he？

Will she come？

[Where he is unknown to me.

[Whether she will come or not is unimportant to me.

that在名詞子句的用法

1.在下列情形that通常不省略：

用法

例句

作主詞

It is certain that he will succeed.（他一定會成功。）

作主詞補語

The problem is that I am short of money.（問題是我缺錢。）

作同位語

He told me the news that our team had won the race.

（他告訴我的消息是，我們的隊已獲勝這場比賽。）

2.下列情形that常省略：

用法

例句

作動詞的
受詞

Do you think (that) it will rain tomorrow？

（你認為明天會下雨嗎？）

置於形容詞之後

I’m glad (that) you passed the math examination.

（我很高興你通過數學考試了。）

二、形容詞子句

引導形容詞子句的連接詞

1.關係代名詞：who, whom, whose, which, that, as, but, what

2.關係副詞：when, where, why, how

3.關係形容詞：which, what, whose, whichever, whatever

形容詞子句的功用

用法

例句

修飾主詞

The student who answered the question was Joe.

（回答問題的學生是喬。）〔修飾主詞the student〕

修飾受詞

Heaven helps those who help themselves.

（天助自助者。）〔修飾受詞those〕

修飾主詞
補語

This is the house where（＝in which）I lived in my childhood.

（這就是我童年住過的房子。）

 

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